A visual glossary of hindu architecture ancient history. In this megaarticle, we shall discuss about the indian temple architecture and sculpture in detail. An investigative field study over this temp le s wall panels. The architects perceived the temple in the form of a human male figure or purusha. All about the mukteshwar temple gem of odisha architecture. Finally, various elements of ornamentation such as gavaksha, vyalayali, kalpalata, amalaka, kalasha, etc. Temple architecture and sculpture hindu, buddhist and.
The 11thcentury lingaraj temple, the citys oldest and largest, is dominated by a 55metrehigh spire. The temples of odisha, dating from the 8th to about midth century, provide a study in one of the earliest movements in the indoaryan style of architecture. In north india it is common for an entire temple to be built on a stone platform with steps leading up to it. Jan 12, 2018 the glorious history of odishan temple architecture started from 6th century a. In front of the main temple there is aruna stambha.
Creatures life in n ature had been incorporated beautifully through. The temple dates back to 950975 ce and is a monument of importance in the study of the development of hindu temples in odisha. Society and economy during the bhaumakara, somavamsis and the155174 ganga period. Temples in odisha are based on certain fundamental principles of stability and take their cue from the human body. Pdf heritage architectural and sculptural expressions are selfexplanatory documents, which carries its legacy along with the wheel of time. Press the button start search and wait a little while. Their unique representations are called kalingan style of temple architecture. Samaleswari temple is a hindu temple in sambalpur, western odisha, india dedicated to the goddess known as maa, also known among the natives as samalei maa, meaning mother samaleswari. Pdf orissan temple architecture and vastu purusha mandala. Influence of vernacular architecture in evolution of temple forms of odisha shaswat sekhar sarangi assistant professor department of architecture nit raipur c. Temple architecture and sculpture hindu, buddhist and jain.
Mar 30, 2018 architecture of the mukteshwar temple it is speculated that the temple was built by yayati i, the king of somavamshi dynasty. Padharo jagannath the divine pran pratishtha of lord. We take a walk through the heritage listed temple area. The temple architecture architecture in odisha found its supreme expression in the form of temples, some of which are among, finest in the country. In the previous articles we have discussed about the later mural traditions, post mauryan trends in indian art and architecture, arts of the mauryan period, arts of indus. These documents could be considered as few available authentic or officially published. Details of the sun temple of konark original title the sun temple of konark isbn 9789385285431 edition format hardcover number of pages 468 pages book language english ebook format pdf, epub. Temples in odisha are dominated by colossal cylindrical or sometimes pyramidshaped towers rising skyward in multiple tiers, covered with elaborate stone carvings and guarded by huge sculptures of seated lions at their entrances. Architecture is an art, and it may be similar from region to region. The westfacing structure of this temple reflects a change in the initial and later phase of kalinga style of architecture, which was the main style used in many temples built in odisha during the time. The chitrakarini temple of bhubaneswar odisha, india. References eedit eedit soorce cities having population 1 lakh and above, census 2011 pdf. The elegance of its surface treatment makes it one of the crowning achievements of the kalinga style of architecture.
Dec 19, 2016 garbhagriha also garbha grha meaning wombchamber, the small windowless room that is the main shrine of the temple, usually containing a representation or symbol of the principal deity. The lingaraj temple at bhubaneswar boasts of a 150 foot high deul while the jagannath temple at puri is about 200 feet high and it dominates the skyline of the town. Of these, three are most famous the lingaraja temple at bhubaneswar 11th century, the jagannath temple at puri 12th century and the great sun temple at konark th century. The orissan temple architecture ranging from 7th to th century a. The antiquity of orissa is endorsed by her temple architecture which is as sublim as it is aesthetically innervating. Temples as free standing structures came to orissa after the. The region encompassing the present state of odisha was originally known as kaling and kalingan architecture is reflected in the hundreds of temples remaining of the many thousands constructed from the 6th 11th century ad golden era. This monumental temple was constructed by narasimhadeva i or langula narasimhadeva in the th century a. The construction of this temple is a masterpiece of orissa s medieval architecture.
With exception, one can see the garbagraha sanctum in a small shrine over which there is a small tower or gopuram. In bhubaneswar, several sanctuaries were erected so that taken together they form a city of temples. By the middle of the th century the odishan temple. The temple of angkor vat is a classic architectural specimen of odia influence on cambodian temple architecture. This is how temple architecture in odisha flourished to its. Lingaraj temple, bhubaneswar wikimedia a 12th century temple, the lingaraj temple is considered to be a high point in the tradition of temple building in odisha. Mar 06, 2010 the orissan temple architecture ranging from 7th to th century a.
The third category is called dravida style found in south india. The great ancient history of odisha orissa, history of. This temples architectural structure belongs to the kalinga school of architecture1. Like human physical divisions of leg, thigh, waist, chest, neck and head the temple had similar shapes and structures. There are many sites in the city that testify the importance of the region during the 7th to 11th century a. Influence of vernacular architecture in evolution of. Jagannath temple in puri in odisha is one of the largest temples in the state. It has a deula that rises to a height of about 150 feet. Many of the sculptural scenes are taken from religious mythology and legends. Many places of odisha, such as puri and bhubaneswar, have hundreds of temples. Evolution of kalingan style of temple social research foundation. Doc evolution of temple architecture in orissa laxmi.
So in india, odisha with its fascinating series of temples, form an exciting area to study the evolution of temple architecture. But most of the times, it gets evolved and influenced from local traditions and practices rather than getting inspired from other places. The architecture of orissa is mainly noted in its temple architecture. Shree shree samaleswari, the presiding deity of sambalpur, is a strong religious force in western part of odisha and chhattisgarh state of india. Temple architecture in odisha evolved over a long period of time. Laxmikanta mishra early medieval indian history spanning between eighth to thirteenth century a.
Though broadly they come under the northern or nagara style, they have certain special features which are uniquely their own. Sep 08, 2016 the style of temple architecture that became popular in northern india is known as nagara. For centuries now, the orissan golden triangle of bhubaneswarpurikonark has retained a vintage point on indias pilgrimage circuit for their devotional as well as architectural background. Stipulated architectural principles with ample provision for artistic improvisation enabled the progressive generations. Satrughaneshwar temple built in the 6th century is one of the oldest temples of orissa. General introduction to odishan temple architecture. On the top of the temple there is a wheel which is made of an alloy of eight metals. The main temple structure is of 65m in altitude and is built on an elevated ground. The style consists of three distinct types of temples. From the source, pen and ink drawing of a sculpture that is part of the processional chariot pulled by horses from the surya temple at konarak in orissa, from an album of 37 drawings 43 folios of sculpture at jajpur, puri, bezwada and sitanagar made during a journey from bengal through orissa to the coromandel coast, dated 1815. This post is a part of the indian culture compilation based on the ncert text book an introduction to indian art part 1. Architecture of sun temple at konark history of odisha. The city is well connected by rail, air and road nh 5.
Jan 24, 2018 this style of temple architecture is native to odisha and differs from the south indian temples that follow the dravidian style. It houses all the major corporate offices of india. Some regions of sri lanka, java, bali, sumatra, vietnam and thailand were colonized by the people from odisha. D when the kalinga kings ruled odisha and the regions bey. Temple architecture in orissa, evolved over a long period of time. The south indian hindu temple building design system on the architecture of the silpa sastra and the dravida style k. Further, unlike in south india it does not usually have elaborate boundary walls or gateways. The vimana or the main temple of orissa is always of rekha designs with the following special features such as. Sun temple introduction konark sun temple is build in thcentury ce at konark in odisha, india. This style received due recognition when it was mentioned in the silpa texts and the inscriptions. One of the main attractions of this temple is the 24 wheels which are carved around the base of the temple. It was the ancient capital of the kalinga empire and the architectural legacy of the period is its greatest attraction.
The city has become one of the major it hub of india. Find all the essential information about temples in odisha right here at ixigo. Temples of odisha are famous all over the world, for the unique characteristics of their architecture and sculptural style. The history of odisha dates back to eternal past, its most famous old names being kalinga, utkal and odra, when its boundary extended far beyond the present one.
The land odisha is known for its temple architecture which is different from other style. Pdf the chitrakarini temple of bhubaneswar odisha, india. Apr 27, 2018 the sun temple at konarka, popularly known as black pagoda was the fullest manifestation of the kalinga style of architecture. Ghana dvara blind doorways of the garbhagriha, which symbolically allow the energy of the deity to radiate through and beyond the temple. Early medieval indian history spanning between eighth to thirteenth century a. Stipulated architectural principles with ample provision for artistic improvisation enabled the progressive generations to excel in splendour and created masterpieces in stone called the temple of orissa. Influence of vernacular architecture in evolution of temple. The unique style of the architecture of the temple is known as the kalingan style of temple architecture. Only a portion of the sun temple at konark, the largest of the temples of the golden triangle exists today, and it is still staggering in size. It has been built in the style of a sikhara temple. Temple sculptures of odisha are famous for beautiful and explicit artistry.
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